4D Construction Simulation & Scheduling

4D Model Simulation: An aggregation of virtual models that are linked to the current CPM Progress Schedule that shows an ordered, time-scaled appearance of model elements/objects. The CPM Progress Schedule that is integrated into the 3D model (4D model) shall be kept current (all revisions and updates) on a monthly basis. A 4D model must contain one or more virtual models and at least one link to a CPM schedule.

4D Modeling can be applied in the design and construction phases.

4D modeling allows the owner to leverage the greatest value out of their BIM during the design phase by visualizing construction sequences in order to develop a phasing sequence to include in the construction documents. 4D Modeling in the construction phase can provide both the Contractor and the Owner a better visualization of the planned construction sequences compared to the actual construction sequences.

Building information modeling (BIM)

BIM is not only a powerful design tool, it is also a powerful construction planning and construction management tool. When the BIM is combined with the construction schedule, it becomes a 4D modeling tool where time is the 4th dimension. We will discuss this further in the next section. Hand-in-hand with that value is the ability to use the clash detection capability throughout the construction process. As the BIM information is further refined through shop drawings and actual construction as-built conditions, the clash detection capability provides a powerful management tool for analyzing and resolving the causes of construction phase clashes. This allows the owner to realize an added value of the time and effort that went into the development of the BIM in the first place. Furthermore, placing the BIM model in the hands of the contractor can greatly reduce the number of RFIs and resulting change orders.

By extending the BIM into the 4th dimension, the owner gains the following advantages:

  • Improved design document quality by testing the design against construction sequencing and thereby eliminating or reducing difficult sequence issues
  • Improved site use planning and coordination with ongoing operations
  • Improved lead time identification which can reduce total construction duration
  • Improved constructability and safety issue identification
  • Greatly improved ability to monitor actual progress vs. planned progress and to thereby identify and resolve issues more quickly, thereby reducing claims

5 Reasons Why A 4D Digital Twin Is Revolutionary

A digital twin is an electronic copy of a real asset, procedure, or system that makes it possible for groups to comprehend, simulate, and assess its performance.

By establishing a single authoritative view of specifications and drawings, a digital twin provides all the information required to enhance performance, anticipate and stop unplanned downtime, reduce operational expenses, and handle any possible safety issues that can surface over the course of a project.

A 4D construction model is produced by taking a 3D model and adding your project timeline, which is the fourth dimension of time. It enables you to analyze and visualize the sequence of events on a timeline and implement it in your model. Using that 4D model, a 4D construction digital twin comprises all the data that enables you to track a digital version of your project.

Taking that 4D model and adding all the details you need to comprehend the model’s behavior is called a 4D construction digital twin. A 4D digital twin for construction takes the 4D model and adds all the details you need to comprehend the object’s functionality.

Teams may maximize performance during every stage of a project and teams may take advantage of the most effective data-driven processes and maximize performance at every stage of the project with this real-time, dynamic data collection.

The utilization of a 4D digital twin in construction may provide heavy civil teams with five major project advantages:

  1. Take Advantage of a single Common Data Environment – A single source of truth
  2. Divide the model up into constructible parts
  3. Simulate construction sequences, pre-build
  4. Contact with all parties in real-time
  5. Guarantee important project outcomes by maintaining quality control

4D & 5D BIM Modeling FAQs

4D BIM modeling is an extension of traditional 3D BIM modeling that incorporates the fourth dimension of time. It allows users to visualize and analyze the construction sequence and schedule of a project, enabling better planning, coordination, and execution.

The benefits of using 4D BIM modeling include improved project scheduling, enhanced collaboration and coordination, reduced errors and conflicts, and increased productivity and efficiency.

5D BIM modeling adds the fifth dimension of cost to the 4D BIM model, enabling users to estimate and track costs throughout the project lifecycle. This allows for more accurate cost forecasting, better budgeting, and more informed decision-making.

The benefits of using 5D BIM modeling include improved cost estimation and management, enhanced budgeting and forecasting, and more informed decision-making. It also enables users to analyze the cost impact of design changes and optimize the project budget.

4D and 5D BIM modeling can be used in construction project management to plan and coordinate construction activities, track progress and identify potential delays, estimate and manage costs, and make informed decisions about project scope and budget.

Common challenges and limitations of using 4D and 5D BIM modeling include the need for accurate and complete data, the requirement for specialized software and training, and the potential for interoperability issues between different software platforms.

4D BIM Modeling Samples

Modera Luxury Residential in Tampa 4D BIM Modeling



4D BIM Model of JW Marriott Hotel



4D BIM Modeling – Hi-Rise Building



Texas Rehabilitation Hospital of Fort Worth 4D BIM Model


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